Українська діаспора США у державотворчих процесах в Україні (1991-2011 pp.)

Abstract

АНОТАЦІЯ Недошитко І. Р. Українська діаспора США у державотворчих процесах в Україні (1991-2011 pp.). - На правах рукопису. Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата історичних наук зі спеціальності 07.00.01 - історія України. - Тернопільський національний педагогічний університет імені Володимира Гнатюка, Тернопіль, 2013. У дисертації здійснено комплексне дослідження форм і напрямів співпраці української діаспори США з історичною Батьківщиною, розкрито їх суть і значення для державотворчих процесів в Україні упродовж 1991-2011 pp. Шляхом дослідження маловідомих аспектів історії української еміграції США визначено організаційні можливості, що сприяли налагодженню співпраці, консолідації еміграції та збереженню ідентичності, національної свідомості. Визначено акції діаспори США, скеровані на демократизацію Української держави, передачу досвіду побудови громадянського суспільства. Розкрито фінансово-економічний потенціал діаспори, з'ясовано його роль у реформуванні економічного розвитку незалежної України, висвітлено соціальні ініціативи діаспори, їх значення для сучасного державотворення. Доведено роль української діаспори США у визнанні цією державою незалежності України та визначено її внесок у формування міжнародного іміджу України . Ключові слова: українська діаспора США, державотворчі процеси, ідентичність, трансформація, демократизація, фінансово-економічний потенціал, соціальні проекти, міжнародний імідж. ANNOTATION Nedoshytko I. G. Ukrainian diaspora of USA in the state building processes in Ukraine (1991-2011 years). - Manuscript. Dissertation for the degree of candidate of historical sciences, speciality 07.00.01 - History of Ukraine. - Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University of Ternopil, 2013. The thesis presents a comprehensive study of the interaction of Ukrainian diaspora with historic homeland during 1991-2011 s, defines its contribution to state building processes, analyses the influence on the political of the country of settlement. Sources introduced into scientific usage allowed to restore a complete picture of the implementation of cooperation in politics, economy, culture and diplomacy. It has been determined that Ukrainians have built a wide network of social, political, religious, cultural, educational, financial, professional institutions during the period of stay in the U.S. Thus, there are 13 Ukrainian political organizations, 12 professional societies, 29 credit unions, 4 insurance companies, 3 youth organizations, 3 women's associations, etc. in the U.S. They are factors to preserve Ukrainian identity together with schools of Ukrainian Studies, Ukrainian media space and churches. At the time the local Ukrainian communities play an important role in social and cultural life of these regions. This very phenomenon of Ukrainian immigration to the U.S. has provided active political, intellectual, financial, diplomatic support of the state processes in 1991-2011 s. The activity of Ukrainian diaspora was redirected toward promoting state building processes in our country after Ukraine's gaining the independence. It has been confirmed that Ukrainian diaspora took an active position on the need for democratization and transformation of Ukrainian society during 1991-2011 s. The role of its aid has been identified in the thesis: the organization of conferences, round tables, funding of various programs, distribution of literature, consulting, educational projects, etc. Cooperation in the social issues is characterized by activities directed towards the protection of citizens of Ukraine from natural disasters, tragic circumstances, social problems, inadequate legal and social protection of orphans and prevention of disease problems of Ukrainians etc. One of the major social projects of diaspora in its help in the elimination of the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. An important role in the implementation of social programs by the Children of Chornobyl Relief Fund has also been proved. A large part of Ukrainian Americans gave medical aid to certain regions, institution that reflects both the sophistication of cooperation in the field of medicine and the availability of relevant professional institutions in the United States. The thesis reveals the role of NGOs in the elimination of the problems associated with orphan hood. Ukrainian diaspora is an important political lobby in the host country for making economic decisions regarding Ukraine. The usage of its potential allowed to create conditions for

investment in Ukraine’s economy, to cancel the Jackson-Vanik amendment, to support the country’s affiliation to the WTO, to give the economy its «market economy status», to develop the cooperative movement and to increase trade with the Ukrainian state. Cooperation in the scientific, cultural and educational spheres allows to show the evidence of significant achievement and the potential for more effective cooperation. Schools and Centres o Ukrainian Studies, museums, libraries, NGOs, research institution and other structures played an important role in the implementation of contacts in science and educational sector. With their assistance there take place numerous actions that allow. Ukrainian culture to integrate into world space and promote its popularity. Return of Cultural Property to Ukraine allows to study previously hushed episodes of Ukrainian history and to develop national culture. It has been traced that the main areas of cooperation with Ukrainian diaspora with the official U.S. agencies meet internal and external interests of Ukraine. It is also emphasized that the Congressional Ukrainian Caucus, Ukrainian National Information Service, the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America, and other organizations conduct activities aimed at ensuring the basic needs of Ukrainians and positive image of the Ukrainian state. The role of diaspora has been singled out in recognition of Ukraine and formation of its diplomatic structures. It is shown that with the efforts of Ukrainian Americans 1 million 700 thousand dollars has been collected for the redemption of the premises of diplomatic missions in Washington, New York and Chicago. Information activities, including in the United Nations, promote the spreading of objective information among representatives of international organizations, governments and U.S. media about the aspirations of the Ukrainian people to build their own independent state and develop a strategy aimed at European integration, international security and creation of the world free of nuclear weapons. The analysis of use of the diaspora in the state building process in Ukraine and of inhibitory factors of this collaboration has showed that the potential of the diaspora has not been exploited fully in the context of usage of the experience of market economy reforms in the agrarian and energy sectors, in the process of building a civil society, involvement of scientific and technical achievements of the diaspora not only for the Humanities, but the fundamental socio-economical researched and new technologies. Thus, the thesis holistically and objectively analyzes the part of the Ukrainian diaspora in the state processes occurring in Ukraine. This affirms that the Ukrainians in the U.S. are the driving force influencing the policies of the host country, defending national interests and aspirations of the Ukrainians. They are actively involved in state building, democratization and transformation of Ukraine and cooperate according to their possibilities on the socio-economic and humanitarian issues. Key words: Ukrainian diaspora, historical homeland, the state building processes, national identity, transformation and democratization of society, financial and economic potential, social projects and outside interests.