Механізми зменшення негативного впливу корупції на суспільство в країнах світу

Abstract

Досліджено ефективність механізмів зменшення негативного впливу корупції на суспільство в деяких країнах світу та сформульовано пропозиції у сфері протидії корупційній злочинності в Україні на основі зарубіжного досвіду. Combating corruption requires studying the conditions in which the anti-corruption strategy in Ukraine is being developed and implemented in the modern period, assessing the state’s policy in this direction, as well as identifying the problems of applying concrete mechanisms for such a response. The main anticorruption doctrines adopted in Ukraine in the modern period do not give an unambiguous answer to the question of how to minimize corruption in the state. Therefore, the key to developing strategic approaches to combating corruption is the establishment of a range of actors who should play a leading role in this process - specialized anti-corruption bodies, law enforcement agencies, other civil society institutions or individual citizens on the basis of foreign experience. This work is a study of the problems of combating corruption in the context of the modern anti-corruption strategy of Ukraine based on foreign experience in preventing and combating corruption. This approach provides an opportunity to identify the causes and identify effective measures to combat corruption in Ukraine, which is important for solving the tactical and strategic tasks of the state and society in this direction. The formulated theoretical positions, proposals and conclusions can be used in research activities for the further elaboration of legal issues in the organization of prevention and counteraction of corruption in state bodies; in lawmaking activity aimed at countering corruption in Ukraine; practical activity of anti-corruption bodies; learning process. After considering the opinions of scientists about the mechanisms of combating corruption and ways to reduce the negative impact of corruption on society, relevant international experience, it can be argued that there are criminologically significant problems of using such mechanisms in Ukraine as: repressive - criminal measures of influence (punitive and non-punitive); cultural - ensuring freedom of speech and the media; education; raising the social culture of citizens; mediated - ensuring a systemic state policy; creation of an independent judicial system; improvement of anti-corruption legislation; to ensure that criminal policies are adequate to the realities of Ukrainian society; building an effective criminal justice system; ensuring transparency of information and procedures; information provision of citizens; social security of civil servants; scientific support of anti-corruption measures, application of international experience, developments of other sciences, in particular, cybernetics in combating corruption in Ukraine.