Гармонізація системи технічного регулювання України в процесі реалізації економічної політики євроінтеграції

Abstract

У дисертації здійснено науково-теоретичне обґрунтування, проведено оцінювання та запропоновано напрями гармонізації системи технічного регулювання України в процесі реалізації економічної політики євроінтеграції. Узагальнено і уточнено підходи до трактування дефініції «система технічного регулювання» та «економічна політика євроінтеграції країни». Розкрито сутність, значення та структуру системи технічного регулювання, висвітлено гармонізацію системи технічного регулювання як складової економічної політики євроінтеграції країни та систематизовано засади гармонізації технічного регулювання в контексті економічної політики ЄС. Проаналізовано концептуальні засади економічної політики євроінтеграції України, досліджено процеси становлення та розвитку економічної політики євроінтеграції України, здійснено оцінку системи технічного регулювання України в процесі євроінтеграції. Обґрунтовано нову концепцію економічної політики євроінтеграції України, запропоновано поліваріантну стратегію гармонізації системи технічного регулювання України, обґрунтовано проект створення пілотного центру комплексної підтримки експортерів для вдосконалення системи технічного регулювання. The thesis isdevoted to studying of theoretical, methodical and practical aspects of the economic policy of European integration of the country in the context of harmonization of the system of technical regulation. In the dissertation the scientific and theoretical substantiations were carried out, the evaluation was carried out and directions of harmonization of the technical regulation system were proposed in the process of implementation of the economic policy of European integration. The approaches to the interpretation of the definition of «system of technical regulation» and «economic policy of European integration of the country» are generalized and refined. The essence, significance and structure of the technical regulation system are revealed, the harmonization of the system of technical regulation as an integral part of the economic policy of European integration of the country is highlighted and the principles of harmonization of technical regulation in the context of the EU economic policy are systematized. The conceptual bases of economic policy of European integration of Ukraine are analyzed, processes of formation and development of economic policy of European integration of Ukraine are researched, the system of technical regulation of Ukraine in the process of European integration is assessed. The new conception of the economic policy of European integration of Ukraine is substantiated, the polyvariant strategy of harmonization of the technical regulation system of Ukraine is proposed, the project of creation of a pilot center for comprehensive support of exporters for improving the system of technical regulation is grounded.A model of support infrastructure for national exporters has been formed. The help exporter’s queries in shaping behavioral strategies in foreign markets, improving awareness of working conditions in foreign markets, improving product quality, passing certification and standardization procedures were identified. The need for exporters to provide legal and marketing support, advice and assistance to state bodies and local governments to strengthen their positions abroad is determined. Using of the EU experience in harmonizing the technical regulation systems of the countries is summarized in order to reflect the main directions of implementation of ideas, initiatives and projects in the context of technical harmonization. It shows the main components of the EU quality infrastructure, the main institutions in the field of technical regulation, which should be orientated to a country that harmonises its legislation with the requirements of the EU, in order to create the relevant legislation and infrastructure. Studies show that the existence of a modern system of technical regulation in the country that would meet generally accepted international norms and rules, in particularthe World Trade Organization and international standardization organizations – ISO, IEC, ITU – allows trade expenses to be reduced by almost 2% of total trade. Also, an analysis of the experience of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, gave reason to assert – now, according to calculations, the reduction of total trade costs is from 5% to 20%. Thus, we can state that the harmonization of the technical regulation system is a response to the needs of Ukraine in improving the system of technical regulation, its approximation to similar systems of the countries with which the mutual trade is formed. Based on the systematic approach of a well-grounded strategy for improving the country's technical regulation system in terms of economic growth and the state of development of events in the integration calculation, SWOT analysis helps to identify Ukraine's strengths and weaknesses in international economic rankings. It has been proved in the dissertation that exporters are primarily accustomed to relying on their own strengths and not counting on third-party support. From the same schedule it can be seen that practically the secondary plan rejected the question of obtaining advisory support for foreign economic activity (7,8% of respondents). Only about 2.6% say about state support, from which it can be concluded that national operators do not count on it at all. Legal support for foreign activity is needed only by 1.9% of respondents. In general, this picture can be considered quite pessimistic, because it once again indicates a low readiness to organize work in foreign markets. Based on the characteristics of the pessimistic, slow and "spin-off" technical harmonization of the marginal options, it has made it possible to propose a cross-sectoral implementation of the economic policy of eurointegration, with the distinction of three blocs: increasing export potential, improving the system of technical regulation and improving the business environment of the domestic market.