Окремі аспекти дослідження антифашистського руху в Карпатській Україні під час Другої світової війни та наслідки впливу російського фашизму на Україну протягом 2014–2022 років

Abstract

Досліджено особливості проголошення Незалежності 15 березня 1939 року українською державою на території сучасного Закарпаття та утворення нової держави на карті Європи - Карпатської України. Охарактеризовано особливості угорсько-української війни 15-18 березня 1939 року. Здійснено спробу аналізу впливу українського державного будівництва у Карпатській Україні на українські державотворчі процеси під час російсько-української війни протягом 2014-2022 року. The article examines the features of the declaration of Independence on March 15, 1939 by the Ukrainian state on the territory of modern Transcarpathia and the formation of a new state on the map of Europe – Carpathian Ukraine. The features of the Hungarian-Ukrainian war of March 15-18, 1939 are characterized. An attempt was made to analyze the impact of Ukrainian state building in Carpathian Ukraine on Ukrainian state processes during the Russian-Ukrainian war during 2014-2022.

The Russian-Ukrainian war, which began in 2014, and its conventional component, which began on February 24, 2022, sharply pose questions for the Ukrainian people to study the lessons of their own history in order to effectively build Ukrainian statehood. One of the most important lessons of the past, which has many parallels with the modern Russian-Ukrainian war, is the presence of a little-studied page of Ukrainian history of the last century – the proclamation of independence on March 15, 1939 by the Ukrainian state on the territory of the modern Transcarpathian region – Carpathian Ukraine – and its heroic defense against intervention . Fascist Hungary during March 15-18, 1939.

Targets and goals. The main goal and task of scientific research is to prove that the existence of the HungarianUkrainian war in March 15-18, 1939 is a confirmation of the fact that Ukrainians were not and are not fascists.

Methods. In the process of research, in particular, the following methods were used: analysis – to study the object and subject of research; abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions on the analysis of state processes in Carpatho-Ukraine in 1939).

Results. It has been established that the beginning of the conventional confrontation on the European continent in World War II is March 15, 1939 - on this day, the intervention of fascist Hungary against the newly Central European country - Carpathian Ukraine began, and the conventional confrontation between fascist Germany and Poland. Was not the beginning of hostilities in Europe in World War II, but the next stage (or continuation). The Ukrainian state on the territory of modern Ukrainian Transcarpathia – Carpathian Ukraine – was the first state in Europe to offer armed resistance to the fascists (in fact, not only to the Hungarian fascists, but also to their allies - the Germans) on the European continent from March 15 to 18, 1939. It has been established that in 1939, members of the OUN, as part of the detachments of the Carpathian Sich, opposed with weapons in their hands against the country with the dominant fascist ideology – Hungary under the leadership of the fascist dictator Horthy, and the socialist Soviet Union in alliance with National Socialist Germany – in 1939. It is proved that modern Russian fascism, in fact, the continuation of the socialist fascism of the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, continues and embodies the policy of the destruction of Ukrainians in all its manifestations. Conclusions. The study of the historical experience of the formation of the Ukrainian state of Carpathian Ukraine on the territory of the modern Transcarpathian region highlights the long-term anti-fascist nature of the national state processes that took place in the Ukrainian territories in the middle of the 20th century. and in the second and third decades of the XXI century.