DSpace Collection:
http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/handle/316497/41467
2024-03-28T09:47:39ZОсобливості завдань планових та позапланових ревізій і перевірок. Використання їх результатів у кримінальних провадженнях
http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/handle/316497/41532
Title: Особливості завдань планових та позапланових ревізій і перевірок. Використання їх результатів у кримінальних провадженнях
Authors: Пілюков, Юрій; Pilyukov, Yurii
Abstract: У статті досліджуються особливості та відмінності завдань проведення планових та позапланових ревізій і перевірок, як однієї з найбільш ефективних форм фінансово-господарського контролю та використання спеціальних знань при розслідуванні окремих кримінальних правопорушень. The results of audits and inspections are of great probative value during the investigation of criminal offenses in the field of economy and economic activity, including certain offenses classified as corruption.
Audits and inspections are classified as a separate form of using special knowledge in criminal proceedings, through which financial and economic control of enterprises is carried out, facts of theft of inventory and money are revealed, facts of abuse of office of officials are confirmed, participants in criminal actions are established.
Audits and inspections are carried out by specially authorized for such activities entities of the State Audit Office of Ukraine (SASU) - auditors, auditors and other auditors.
Objects of analysis (research) of audits and inspections are: official documents; items; material complexes; people; animals and plants.
The subject of audits and inspections includes factual data that must be established during the control and which are specified in advance in legislative and departmental regulations.
Planned audit is considered to be an audit in controlled institutions, which is provided for in the work plan of the body of the state control and audit service and is conducted at the location of such legal entity.
Unplanned audit is carried out within the time limits not provided for in the approved plan, mainly at the request of a law enforcement agency that has facts that indicate violations of the laws of Ukraine by controlled institutions.
A typical investigative situation in criminal proceedings is a situation when information about the crime was obtained as a result of scheduled audits or inspections.
Another situation arises when an audit or inspection needs to be carried out in a previously initiated criminal proceeding. In these cases, employees of the State Audit Office are sent to participate in inspections conducted by law enforcement agencies, on the basis of a letter to the relevant body of the State Audit Office.
In summary, it should be noted that audits appointed at the request of law enforcement agencies are significantly different from the usual scheduled audits, as their main task is to establish and verify violations of applicable law.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZОсобливості розслідування незаконної порубки лісу
http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/handle/316497/41531
Title: Особливості розслідування незаконної порубки лісу
Authors: Олійничук, Роман; Oliynychuk, Roman
Abstract: Розглянуто незаконну порубку лісу як злочин проти довкілля. Проаналізовано погляди науковців на категорії, які стосуються розслідування даного правопорушення. Обґрунтовано важливість правильного планування дій службових осіб правоохоронних органів для успішного розкриття злочинів проти довкілля, вчинених шляхом незаконної порубки лісу. Ідентифіковано особливості окремих слідчих дій при розслідуванні незаконної порубки лісу та зроблено відповідні авторські висновки. The article considers illegal logging as a crime against the environment, analyzes the views of scientists on the categories related to the investigation of this offense, substantiates the importance of proper planning of law enforcement officers for successful detection of crimes against the environment committed by air pollution and when investigating air pollution.
The author notes that the forest is extremely important as a natural resource, as well as a means of meeting human needs for wood and other forest products. In addition, this natural object is of no less value due to the impact on the climate, atmosphere, soil protection, water protection and other useful functions, as well as in health, recreation, cultural and aesthetic needs of society. However, due to declining forest areas and their degradation, soil erosion, declining biodiversity, increasing damage to wildlife habitats, degradation of watersheds, etc. are becoming more widespread, which ultimately leads to the destruction of quality of life and limited opportunities for sustainable development.
The prompt and successful detection of crimes against the environment committed through illegal logging often depends on the proper planning of law enforcement officials at the initial stage of the investigation. After all, prompt and qualified actions at this stage make it possible to establish the consequences of criminal violations and record traces of the crime. But for a full, comprehensive and objective investigation of this crime, it is necessary to establish important circumstances by conducting various investigative actions, tactical operations.
The author draws conclusions about a number of characteristic features of the investigation of illegal logging.
First, this type of criminal encroachment on the environment is characterized by a high level of latency, which necessitates the use of specific tactics and techniques for their operational investigation. Secondly, an extremely important element of the investigation of illegal logging is the conduct of appropriate forensic examination, which is the most effective means of investigating cases of crimes related to illegal logging, provided that the requirements of criminal procedure law on the appointment and conducting this investigative action. Third, the study of documents related to the relevant criminal proceedings, the study and comparison of their data allows to form a sufficient evidence base. Fourth, the tactically correct interrogation of persons involved in the relevant criminal proceedings makes it possible to determine the full range of causes and circumstances of illegal logging, its consequences, persons responsible for compliance with forest protection rules, the degree of their guilt, the ability to avert illegal felling and its consequences.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZКримінально-правова характеристика камкордингу
http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/handle/316497/41529
Title: Кримінально-правова характеристика камкордингу
Authors: Василенко, Юлія; Феськов, Микола; Vasylenko, Yuliia; Feskov, Mykola
Abstract: Стаття присвячена кримінально-правовій характеристиці камкордингу як однієї з форм, у якій може вчинятися злочин, передбачений ст.176 Кримінального кодексу України «Порушення авторського права і суміжних прав». Розглянуто передумови криміналізації камкордингу як різновиду інтелектуального піратства. З’ясовано основні об’єктивні та суб’єктивні ознаки складу даного злочину, а також проблеми, які виникають у зв’язку з його кваліфікацією. The study is devoted to the criminal description of camcording as one of the form in which the crime “The copyright and related rights violations” (Article 176 of Criminal Code of Ukraine) could be committed. The state of the study of the criminal characterization of the camcording components, is detected.
The components of camcording (object of the crime components, objective party, subject of crime components and it’s subjective aspects) are analyzed.
It is concluded that the object of the crime components, provided in Art. 176 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is the legal relationship which is formed in the process of realization of the right of intellectual property.
It is emphasized that the objective side of that crime is the video recording of the audiovisual work during its public demonstration in cinemas or other establishment institutions for any purpose without the permission of the copyright or related rights holders. It should be noted that the construction of the objective side of Part 1 of Art. 176 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine belongs to the material corpus delicti of the criminal offence and it provides the occurrence of socially dangerous consequences in the form of significant material damage.
The subject of camcording may be an individual, who has reached a certain minimum age, established by the legislation.
An analysis of legal literature has allowed to conclude, that camcording can not be committed carelessly, but only intentionally (with direct intent).
It is noted that qualifying features of crimes provided in Art. 176 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine committing a crime repeatedly committing a crime that has caused material damage to a large extent (Part 2 of Art. 176), committing a crime by official using the official position, committing an offense by an organized group, committing a crime that has caused material damage in especially large scale (Part 3 of Art.176 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).
The problems of qualification of camcording are identified and the directions of improvement of the legislation which regulates criminal responsibility for offenses that encroach on intellectual property are outlined.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZDigital consumer – how to protect one in Big Data Economy
http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/handle/316497/41528
Title: Digital consumer – how to protect one in Big Data Economy
Authors: Savanets, Lyudmyla; Stakhyra, Hanna
Abstract: Article is devoted to issues of protection digital consumer rights in case of conclusion contracts for the supply digital content. The authors analyze concept and main features of digital consumer, conducts a comparative analysis of it under Ukrainian and European Union law.
In the article authors also taking into account main problems which consumer can meet in process of concluding digital content contracts. Above-mentioned problems include: information problems, connected with click-wrap license, browse wrap license, when consumer agree with all provisions, represented by supplier without any possibility to change it. Authors concentrate also on problem with the access to digital content, which includes technical access issue, lock-in and lock-out situation that are the result of product bundling. Taking into account that access issue and luck of information closely connected with unfair terms in contract of the supplying digital content, the authors analyze the most widespread unfair terms, such as reservation to unilaterally change the conditions of contract, exclusion of liability for several types of damage, provision stating that product only works with software or hardware provided by the same vendor or supplier proffered the vendor. Authors point out the problem of protection consumer’s personal data in cases of concluding contracts for the supply digital content in Internet. The borders of using consumer’s personal data, collection and further using it for sell and selection of contextual advertising are researched.
In the article, authors pay special attention to the need for novelization of Ukrainian legislation in the field of protection the digital consumer rights, special when it is a tendency for building Big data economy world, and in the light adaptation Ukrainian legislation to aquis communitare European Union.2020-01-01T00:00:00Z