Внутрішня боргова політика держави: форми, принципи та цілі реалізації

Abstract

Зазначено, що ефективне управління в сфері боргової політики є запорукою зростання економіки та розвитку фінансового сектору країни. Охарактеризовано види, інструменти, цілі та принципи внутрішньодержавних позик. Встановлено, що внутрішній борг країни слугує ефективним інструментом поповнення фінансових ресурсів країни для реалізації економічних і соціальних завдань. Introduction. The article states that an important tool for economic growth is an effective fiscal policy that provides an effective combination of all its tools. It is noted that effective management in the area of debt policy is the key to economic growth and development of the financial sector. During a significant budget deficit, liberalizing the tax system, increase social spending state debt policy is non-core or tool to overcome imbalances in the financial system of Ukraine. Therefore, the work indicated that the study and analysis of debt policy is one of the most important issues which deserve attention and require analysis and research. Purpose. The aim is to describe the types of domestic public debt, explore instruments inside government borrowing the state and effectiveness of their use in practice, describe the objectives and principles of internal government borrowings of the state, and to determine whether the domestic debt of the country to serve as an effective tool to replenish financial resources for implementation economic and social problems. Results. It is established that the countries belonging to economically developed and developing those aimed at diversifying its debt towards domestic borrowing. Domestic public debt leads to lower economic risks in the country and it is easier to manage. Proved that not all countries are able to provide high share of domestic debt in relation to the external public debt. This is due to the lack of available financial resources in the country, poverty, low levels of financial lending institutions, which are the main creditors of the state. Conclusion. That is why it is necessary to reiterate that the policy of the country should be coherent and consistent as to attract domestic loans in the country with a low level of economic development may lead to the involvement of such funds with extremely high interest rates, which creates additional risks of non-payment of obligations or oligarchic capital, which flow into the public sector in the form of loans can lead to a situation dependence on certain financial and industrial groups who can impose their own “rules”. What is dangerous for the independence and stability of the financial system.