Ecological Performance: Ethnic Fragmentation versus Governance Quality and Sustainable Development. (Efektywność ekologiczna: fragmentacja etniczna a jakość zarządzania i zrównoważony rozwój)
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Problemy Ekorozwoju – Problems of Sustainable Development. 2020, vol. 15, no 1, 53-64.
Abstract
The article is devoted to the consideration of the ethical and ecological aspect of the framework conditions for the welfare state formation. The hypothesis of the negative influence of high ethnic fractionalization on the ecological situation in a country that in the classical welfare states is offset by the high efficiency of government through the initiation of the function of balancing the interests of ethnic groups in the transmission buffer mechanism is tested in the paper. The study used correlation and regression analysis tools using the application statistical software package STATISTICA. The hypothesis of an inverse relationship between the degree of heterogeneous society and the ecological quality is empirically substantiated. It is proved that the quality of governance can weaken the inverse relationship between ethnic fractionalization and the ecological situation in the country. In the welfare states, the neutralization factor of ethnic fractionalization by the quality of governance institutions is traced, which testifies to the existence of an institutional transmission buffer mechanism in the relationship between the structure of society and the offer of environmental goods.
Description
Summarizing the problem of relationship between ethnic fractionalization and the ecological situation in the countries, the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. Ethnic fractionalization is considered to be a significant obstacle to inclusive growth and the establishment of quality governance institutions. The presence of inter-ethnic tensions often becomes a prerequisite for the policy of restricting competition to other groups. However, because of the high level of quality of governance institutions between ethnic fractionalization and inclusive development, conflicts are
eliminated.
2. Environmental goods may be the subject of a redistributive policy in heterogeneous societies. As a rule, this is not so much direct expropriation of the welfare of individual groups, as the inability to negotiate goods with significant external effects, the benefits of which are consumed by all.
3. Empirically confirmed the hypothesis of an inverse relationship between the degree of heterogeneous society and the environmental quality. It was found that the quality of governance could weaken the inverse relationship between ethnic fractionalization and the ecological situation in the country. Typically, in the welfare
states, the neutralization factor of ethnic fractionalization by the quality of governance institutions can be traced. This means that there is an institutional transmission buffer mechanism in the relationship between the structure of society and the offer of environmental goods.
Keywords
Today, in over 200 countries around the world, there are 5,000 ethnic groups, which means that members of groups with different cultural backgrounds and customs that speak different languages have to live in one state. Despite the fact that such a neighborhood can enrich the culture of all participants, increase tolerance and trust in society, but most researchers tend to link the ethnic heterogeneous society with ethnic conflicts, uprisings and civil wars, the problems of economic growth, as well as the inability of political elites to progressive and effective reforms., Key words: ecology, ethnic fractionalization, quality of institutions, government effectiveness, welfare state.
Citation
Viktor Koziuk, Yuryi Hayda, Oleksandr Dluhopolskyi, Serhii Kozlovskyi. Ecological Performance: Ethnic Fragmentation versus Governance Quality and Sustainable Development. (Efektywność ekologiczna: fragmentacja etniczna a jakość zarządzania i zrównoważony rozwój) // Problemy Ekorozwoju – Problems of Sustainable Development. 2020, vol. 15, no 1, 53-64.