Глобальна циркулярна економіка як засіб побудови нового екологічно стійкого суспільства

Abstract

Систематизовано орієнтири циркулярної економіки в різних країнах, зокрема, Швеції, Данії, Японії, Канаді, Люксембурзі, Нідерландах, Австралії, США та Китаї. Розкрито підхід Фінляндії до побудови нового екологічно стійкого суспільства та переходу до циркулярного мислення. Визначено пріоритетні сфери Фінляндії у побудові циркулярної економіки. Підсумовано орієнтовні заходи переходу до циркулярної економіки ЄС в цілому. Окреслено короткострокові перешкоди на шляху до формування циркулярної економіки. Introduction. Circular economy is a new alternative economic model, which focuses on the reuse of materials, and creates added value through services and smart solutions. Circular economy implies that the value chain is organized in way the output of one chain are inputs for another, reducing dependency on the new raw materials. Globally circular economy is very im-portant, because value of global circular economy is over one thousand billion dollars according to international organizations evaluation. Purpose. Describe the features of formation of circular mentality and circular economy to implement a sustainable, ecological, carbon-neutral economy in its main countries-adepts. Results. For major system changes implementation, everyone should contribute: information, operating models, elimination of administrative barriers, business expertise, practical testing and piloting, network, ability to take responsibility, innovative mentality, and cooperation. Circular economy also offers significant environmental and social benefits, in particular, represents a significant opportunity to increase the number of work places in Finland. Therefore, for a country that seeks new growth, this type of economy is a good opportunity. The Finnish government has set a goal to make Finland a global leader of circular economy by 2025. Conclusion. Circular economy creates new and unprecedented opportunities for wealth creation and prosperity, and is the main engine for achieving the UN goals of sustainable development until 2030. The world really needs pioneers of seeking operational model of economic growth and prosperity without excessive consumption of fossil fuels and the natural resources. Climate change and the depletion of natural resources are the two most pressing global problems. Therefore, the waste can be reduced by switching to a circular economy. In this economic system, waste materials and their formation is minimized. In practical terms, it may mean that the product must be designed in such way that its materials were subjected separable and recyclable. Addressing climate change and conservation of natural resources has led to a global business model with a very rapid growth rate.