Антикризовий менеджмент в туризмі

Abstract

This article focuses on the issues of crisis management in tourism. The objectives of the article lie in the analysis, evaluation and systematization of studies on the sources of risk in tourism, crises they cause, justification of crisis management tools. The article analyses the existing approaches to the definition and classification of risk in tourism. It proves that crisis sources in tourism fall into internal and external risks that are determined by the influence of anthropogenic and natural determinants. Research results show that the impact of natural sources of risk in tourism and sources of risks of social and political nature has increased significantly in recent decades. Consequently the article underlines the necessity in collaboration in the field of crisis management in tourism at the level of international tourism organizations, regional and national tourism organizations. It also stresses the heavy requirement for each participant of the tourist market to develop its own anti-crisis strategy. The article highlights the key pillars of crisis management for stakeholders in the tourism industry (development of anti-crisis plan, building a team of crisis management, rapid response to the first signs of a crisis, cooperation with other stakeholders in the tourism industry during a crisis, cooperation with the media, no panic within corporate team, and emphasis on reputation). The results obtained in the course of investigation of the causes of crises in hospitality industry and the types of risks that may be faced with by the tourism market participants allow to determine the basic constituents of an anti-crisis strategy in tourism: to develop a system of preventive measures aimed at reduction of the destructive impact of a crisis, to work out the anti-crisis plans and programs, to return to normal operations at the pre-crisis level, to follow and implement the system of anti-crisis plans and programs.