Аналіз запобіжних заходів у кримінальному провадженні

Abstract

Стаття присвячена аналізу запобіжних заходів, з’ясування особливостей їх застосування у кримінальних провадженнях та описання процедури застосування, зміни та припинення запобіжних заходів. У статті розглянуто положення чинного кримінального процесуального законодавства та згадано положення редакції Кримінально-процесуального кодексу 1960 року щодо видів запобіжних заходів та процедури їх застосування. The article is devoted to the analysis of precautionary measures, clarification of the features of their application in criminal proceedings and a description of the procedure for the application, change and suppression of preventive measures. The article examines the provisions of the current criminal procedural legislation and mentions the provision of the 1960 Criminal Procedure Code on the types of measures and the procedure for their application.

The conclusions state that precautionary measures are a set of methods to ensure criminal proceedings, aimed at ensuring the proper conduct of the suspect, accused. They shall apply to the trial on the merits. The CPC of Ukraine provides for 5 types of precautionary measures and 1 temporary, which differ from each other in the number of responsibilities imposed on the person. Each of the types is used, taking into account the grounds for application and the circumstances of the case. The «easiest» of them is a personal commitment, the «hardest» – detention. Their use is possible only if there are grounds – risks of obstruction of criminal proceedings and reasonable prosecution. Failure to perform or improper performance of duties under the precautionary measure shall be punishable by a fine and change of the precautionary measure to a more severe one. The application of a precautionary measure shall be carried out in court at the request of the investigator or prosecutor. The precautionary measure in the framework of criminal proceedings may be changed, extended or terminated, in the presence of appropriate circumstances provided by the CPC. All grounds for the application of precautionary measures provided by the court are assessed according to the criteria of «compliance» and «sufficiency». And only after such an assessment does the court take or not take into account the grounds for the application of precautionary measures provided by the parties to the criminal proceedings.