Особливості міжнародних відносин за гетьмана П. Скоропадського

Abstract

Висвітлено основні напрямки зовнішньої політики гетьмана Павла Скоропадського. Проведено аналіз становлення та розвитку дипломатичних відносин Української Держави з європейськими країнами, а також з Четвертним союзом та Антантою зокрема. З’ясовано позицію Павла Скоропадського у відносинах з більшовицькою Росією та визначені практичні спроби уникнення удару російсько-більшовицької агресії. Обґрунтовані висновки щодо основних прорахунків гетьманату. Зокрема, проведено аналогію із сучасним станом міжнародних відносин України з метою недопущеня помилок нинішніми державниками у міжнародних відносинах, а також втрати суверенітету, незалежності та загалом самої держави. The basic directions of the foreign policy of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi are reflected in the article. Conducted analysis of establishment and development of diplomatic relations of Ukrainian State with European countries and with the Fourth Alliance and the Entente in particular. The attitude of Pavlo Skoropadskyi about relations with Bolshevik Russia was found out, and there were identified severe attempts to avoid the impact of Russian-Bolshevik aggression. The conclusions about the main mistakes of the Hetmanate are substantiated. In particular, an analogy with the current state of Ukraine’s international relations have been conducted, to prevent errors by present political leaders, in international relations and, moreover, the loss of sovereignty, independence and the state itself. The authors concluded that the activities of the Ukrainian diplomatic service in the days of the Ukrainian State Hetman P. Skoropadsky made a powerful contribution to the development of interstate relations in the priority and most important direction of the foreign policy course of the country at that time - towards the Central Powers, headed by Germany. It is thanks to the efforts of the government, the foreign ministries and the diplomatic missions that close links and business cooperation with European countries have been established. Ukraine has achieved some success in harnessing the power and influence of European countries to solve important problems of state-building: international recognition, independence, protection of fairly agreed borders, taking into account the unification of ethnic Ukrainian lands. However, despite all the achievements, there were more failures, because it was not possible to save the state. The mistakes made by the then head of the country, both in terms of internal consolidation and prioritization, as well as from the point of view of international activity and building strong external relations, should in no way be repeated. That is why the period of P. Skoropadsky’s Hetmanate should become a real lesson for modern politicians who have assumed responsibility for the preservation and development of a modern and independent Ukraine.